IUCN - The World Conversation Union

Status: Vulnerable

The dwarf brocket is a species of deer that inhabits forests and grasslands in southern Peru and northern Bolivia, in the Andes region. It is a small, shy deer that forages for food during the day and night, and escapes predators such as the puma by diving into thick vegetation. The habitat of the dwarf brocket is declining from reasons such as deforestation, increased agriculture such as coca plantations, cattle ranching, mining, road construction and expanding communities. In previous years, not enough information existed on this deer species, so it was listed as Data Deficient, but now with new data indicating the scale of habitat decline, it has been re-classified as Vulnerable. More field surveys and ecological studies need to be conducted on this species in the future so that a conservation plan might be developed.

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The Southern Brazilian wreckfish Polyprion americanus is a deep-sea, large-sized, grouper that inhabits the sub tropical oceans from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to Argentine with the only known commercially important fishing areas off Southern Brazil. It is vulnerable to commercial fishing because of its longevity (it lives for over 80 years) and because it reproduces in groups at specific sites and seasons, which are targeted for fishing. During the 1990s, the wreckfish population steadily dropped, decreasing more than 90% under heavy fishing and no regulation. By 2002, the Brazilian wreckfish had been listed by the IUCN Red List as critically endangered. This listing lead to the closure of the national fishery for 10 years, giving the species much needed legal protection. In the last two years, the wreckfish has evidently not been fished. Maintenance of the moratorium is essential to guarantee protection of the species.

Status: Vulnerable

Polycyathus isabela is one of the ten coral species included in the 2007 Red List update. This is the first time corals have ever been assessed and included on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Polycyathus isabela is endemic to the Eastern Tropical Pacific region and occurs around the Galapagos Archipelago. It grows in recesses or caves at depths of 10 to 23m and is known only from three sites on one island. It has been classified as Vulnerable according to Red List criteria due to the paucity of data on population trends of this species. However, its limited distribution and the fact that recent searches have failed to find the species at one of the three previously known sites mean that it may be reclassified as Endangered in the future. - Printable fact sheet ¦ Français

Status: Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct)

This species is endemic to the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Prior to 1984, this coral was recorded from Caleta Tagus (Isabela), and Gardner Island and Devil's Crown (Floreana). It was extremely abundant at Tagus Cove (approx. 13% mean cover of reef surface at 15 m depth). All colonies known prior to the 1982-1983 El Niño event have apparently since disappeared, although a few colonies of the species have been detected at two sites: Cousins and Gordons Rocks in the past decade; these colonies apparently are now also lost. Estimated decline since 1982 (generation length is >10 years): >90% (Edgar and Garske 2005). The threat of El Niño has not ceased, hence if it still exists, there is likely to be continuing decline in the range of this species. - Printable fact sheet ¦ Français

Status: Critically Endangered

Floreana coral, is an extremely rare species which is endemic to the Galapagos Archipelago. It occurs in cryptic habitats; on ceilings of caves, ledges and rocks overhangs. The species is thought to have been widespread prior to 1983 but colonies disappeared from all known sites after the 1982-1983 El Nino. It is thought that the increased sea temperatures associated with El Nino where responsible for this dramatic reduction in distribution. This suggests that future warming as a result of climate change could also be a major threat. Despite extensive searches the species has only been found at one site since 2001. - Printable fact sheet ¦ Français

Status: Vulnerable

Galápagos kelp is a type of seaweed that grows only in the Galápagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador in South America. It grows in groups at an average depth of 27 to 55m (88 to 180 feet) and is a primary food source for species such as sea urchins. It was previously found throughout the Galápagos Islands archipelago but today its population is decreasing so that it is only being located near a few islands. This decline is thought to be a result of both climate change and El Niño events (periodic ocean-atmospheric climate warming). Hunting of predators that eat sea urchins is also affecting the seaweed, since sea urchin populations are growing rapidly and consuming large quantities of kelp.